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Related Experiment Videos

3He Enhancements in Large Solar Energetic Particle Events.

Mason, Mazur, Dwyer

    The Astrophysical Journal
    |October 20, 1999
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers measured helium-3 (3He) abundance in solar energetic particle (SEP) events. They found 3He and iron remnants fill interplanetary space, suggesting a source for enhanced 3He in large SEP events.

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    Area of Science:

    • Space Physics
    • Heliophysics
    • Plasma Physics

    Background:

    • Solar energetic particles (SEPs) are crucial for understanding space weather.
    • Helium-3 (3He) is a rare isotope in the solar wind, but often enhanced in SEPs.
    • The origin and acceleration mechanisms of SEPs, particularly those with enhanced 3He, are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To measure 3He abundance in large SEP events.
    • To investigate the relationship between 3He and 4He in SEPs.
    • To determine the prevalence of 3He and other ions during quiescent periods and their potential role in subsequent SEP events.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 12 large SEP events between November 1997 and June 1999.
    • Measurement of 3He and 4He abundances and time-intensity profiles.
    • Measurement of low-energy ion intensities during periods between large SEP events.

    Main Results:

    • In five events, 3He and 4He showed similar time-intensity profiles, suggesting a common origin.
    • The average 3He/4He ratio in these events was (1.9±0.2)x10-3, about five times the solar wind value.
    • Remnants of 3He and iron from impulsive SEP events were detected on most days, filling over 50% of the interplanetary medium.

    Conclusions:

    • Suprathermal ions from impulsive SEP events may serve as a source population for further acceleration by interplanetary shocks.
    • This mechanism could explain the enhanced 3He abundance observed in a significant fraction of large SEP events.
    • Impulsive SEP material might also explain the wide range of observed ionization states in large solar particle events.

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