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Formaldehyde in the plant kingdom.

G Blunden1, B G Carpenter, M Adrian-Romero

  • 1School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK.

Acta Biologica Hungarica
|October 20, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Formaldehyde, as formaldemethone, was found in all tested plant and fungi species using chromatography. Yields varied significantly, indicating widespread natural occurrence of this compound.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Botany
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Formaldehyde is a volatile organic compound with various biological and industrial sources.
  • Its natural occurrence in plants and fungi has been less understood.
  • The dimedone adduct, formaldemethone, serves as a stable marker for formaldehyde detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and quantify formaldehyde in diverse plant and fungal species.
  • To establish formaldemethone as a reliable indicator for formaldehyde in biological samples.
  • To assess the natural variability of formaldehyde levels across different taxa.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of biological samples from marine algae, macrofungi, lichens, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.
  • Derivatization of formaldehyde with dimedone to form formaldemethone.
  • Analysis and quantification of formaldemethone using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Main Results:

  • Formaldehyde, detected as formaldemethone, was present in all tested species across all major plant and fungal groups.
  • Quantified formaldehyde yields ranged from 30 microg/g to 4060 microg/g of fresh weight.
  • The study confirms the ubiquitous presence of formaldehyde in terrestrial and marine flora and fungi.

Conclusions:

  • Formaldehyde is a naturally occurring compound widely distributed in the plant and fungal kingdoms.
  • The method utilizing dimedone adduct formation and chromatography is effective for detecting formaldehyde in diverse biological matrices.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the biological roles and metabolic pathways of formaldehyde in these organisms.

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