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Reconstructing Early Events in Eukaryotic Evolution.

Roger

    The American Naturalist
    |October 21, 1999
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The origin of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells is debated. Most evidence now suggests mitochondria evolved before all major eukaryotic lineages diverged, challenging the Archezoa hypothesis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cellular evolution
    • Eukaryogenesis
    • Molecular phylogenetics

    Background:

    • The Archezoa hypothesis proposed mitochondria originated late in eukaryotic evolution.
    • This suggested early eukaryotes lacked mitochondria, diverging before organelle establishment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To resolve the timing of mitochondrial endosymbiosis in early eukaryotic evolution.
    • To evaluate the Archezoa hypothesis using molecular phylogenies and genomic data.

    Main Methods:

    • Phylogenetic analysis using small subunit ribosomal RNA and protein-coding genes.
    • Analysis of phylogenies from tubulins, heat shock protein 70, TATA box-binding protein, and RNA polymerase II.
    • Examination of mitochondrion-derived genes in nuclear genomes of various protists.

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    Main Results:

    • Conflicting phylogenies exist, with some placing Microsporidia as close relatives of Fungi, not early eukaryotes.
    • Mitochondrion-derived genes found in nuclear genomes suggest early eukaryotes had mitochondria.
    • Evidence indicates mitochondrial endosymbiosis predates the divergence of all extant eukaryotes.

    Conclusions:

    • The Archezoa hypothesis is largely unsupported by current evidence.
    • Mitochondrial endosymbiosis likely occurred before the divergence of all extant eukaryotic lineages.
    • Early eukaryotes possessed complex features, with the mitochondrial symbiont contributing significantly.