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Visceral leishmaniasis in Costa Rica: first case report.

J Carrillo1, M Chinchilla, B Valverde

  • 1Department of Hematology and Immunology, National Children's Hospital, San José, Costa Rica. jcarrillo@hnn.sa.cr

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|October 26, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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This is the first reported case of visceral leishmaniasis in Costa Rica, diagnosed in a 15-month-old infant. The child was successfully treated with an antimonial drug.

Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Tropical Medicine
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is a serious parasitic disease.
  • Leishmania donovani infantum/chagasi is the causative agent.
  • Geographic distribution is expanding.

Observation:

  • A 15-month-old infant presented with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and hypergammaglobulinemia.
  • Leishmania amastigotes were identified in spleen and bone marrow.
  • Parasite identification confirmed Leishmania donovani infantum or Leishmania donovani chagasi.

Findings:

  • Successful treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with an antimonial drug.
  • First documented case of visceral leishmaniasis in Costa Rica.
  • Demonstrates the etiological agent and clinical presentation in an infant.

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Implications:

  • Highlights the need for increased awareness and diagnostic capabilities for visceral leishmaniasis in Costa Rica.
  • Suggests potential for autochthonous transmission in non-endemic regions.
  • Informs public health strategies for parasitic disease control in Central America.