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Citrobacter urinary tract infections in children
1Department of Pediatrics and Pathology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock 72202-3591, USA.
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|October 26, 1999
Summary
Citrobacter species can cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children, particularly those with underlying medical conditions. Treatment for these pediatric UTIs should follow guidelines for other gram-negative enteric organisms.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Microbiology
- Urology
Background:
- Citrobacter species are known causes of various infections but their role in pediatric urinary tract infections (UTIs) is not well-defined.
- This study aimed to clarify the significance of Citrobacter species in pediatric UTIs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the role and characteristics of Citrobacter species as a cause of urinary tract infections in children.
- To identify risk factors and clinical presentations associated with Citrobacter UTIs in pediatric patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of microbiologic and medical records.
- Inclusion criteria: patients under 18 years with urine cultures positive for Citrobacter species over a 3-year period.
- Analysis of patient demographics, clinical findings, and microbiological data.
Main Results:
- 37 infections in 34 pediatric patients were identified; average age 6.9 years, 71% female.
- 56% had underlying urinary tract/renal anomalies or neurologic impairment; 26% were nosocomial infections.
- 63% of patients presented with symptoms including gastrointestinal issues, dysuria, fever, and hematuria; 37% were asymptomatic.
Conclusions:
- Citrobacter species, though uncommon, can cause UTIs in the pediatric population.
- Pediatric UTIs caused by Citrobacter are more prevalent in children with pre-existing medical conditions.
- Treatment should align with protocols for other gram-negative enteric organisms pending further research.