Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 14, 2026
11:22
Quantitative In vitro Assay to Measure Neutrophil Adhesion to Activated Primary Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells under Static Conditions
Published on: August 23, 2013
Integrin signalling in neutrophils and macrophages
1Institute of General Pathology, University of Verona, Italy.
Cellular Signalling
|October 26, 1999
Summary
Integrins are key adhesion receptors in myelomonocytic cells, controlling functions like inflammation and phagocytosis. This review details how integrin signaling regulates these critical cell responses in neutrophils and macrophages.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Integrins function as adhesion receptors, mediating signal transduction within cells.
- In myelomonocytic cells, integrin engagement regulates crucial functions including transmigration, cytokine secretion, and phagocytosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of integrins in regulating myelomonocytic cell functions.
- To highlight signaling pathways activated by integrin engagement in neutrophils and macrophages.
- To propose a model for integrin signal transduction in these cells.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current research on integrin signaling.
- Analysis of signal transduction mechanisms in neutrophils and macrophages.
- Integration of knowledge from other cell types to develop a comprehensive model.
Main Results:
- Integrin-mediated adhesion is critical for various myelomonocytic cell responses.
- Specific signaling pathways activated by integrin engagement have been elucidated.
- Progress has been made in understanding integrin signal transduction mechanisms.
Conclusions:
- Integrins play a vital role in coordinating myelomonocytic cell functions through intricate signaling pathways.
- A proposed model integrates current knowledge to explain integrin signal transduction and its regulation of cell functions.
- Further research can build upon this model to explore therapeutic strategies targeting integrin signaling.
Related Concept Videos
01:38Inflammation
Overview
01:10Integrins
Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
01:15Activation of Integrins
Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding events provide an effective stimulus.
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding events provide an effective stimulus.
01:17Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
01:25Selectins
Cell adhesion is an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
01:26Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase
The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...