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Gender dependent EEG-changes during a mental rotation task.

B Rescher1, P Rappelsberger

  • 1Brain Research Institute, University of Vienna, Austria. brigette.rescher@univie.ac.at

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology
|October 26, 1999
PubMed
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This study on brain activity during mental rotation tasks reveals sex-based differences in electroencephalography (EEG) coherence patterns. Males showed decreased theta coherence, while females exhibited increased interhemispheric coherence across multiple frequency bands.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Mental rotation tasks engage complex cognitive processes.
  • Sex-based differences in brain function are increasingly recognized.
  • Electroencephalography (EEG) provides insights into brain activity dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex differences in brain activity patterns during a mental rotation task.
  • To analyze changes in electroencephalography (EEG) spectral parameters and coherence.
  • To compare EEG data during a task with baseline resting-state activity.

Main Methods:

  • Recorded EEG from 30 students (15 males, 15 females) using 19 electrodes (International 10/20 system).
  • Computed averaged power and cross-power spectra across five frequency bands (theta, alpha1, alpha2, beta1, beta2).

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  • Analyzed mean amplitude and coherence, comparing task-based data with eyes-open resting-state baseline using statistical tests.

    • Main Results:

    • Males exhibited decreased posterior left theta-band coherence; females showed decreased posterior right theta-band coherence.
    • Males demonstrated increased alpha1-band coherence between frontal, central, and parietal sites in both hemispheres.
    • Females displayed increased interhemispheric coherence in theta, beta1, and beta2 bands, particularly between posterior electrodes.

    Conclusions:

    • Mental rotation involves widespread brain area engagement, with distinct patterns observed between sexes.
    • Females showed more symmetrical coherence increases in theta, beta1, and beta2 bands.
    • EEG coherence analysis reveals sex-specific neural network dynamics during spatial reasoning.