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S100A8: emerging functions and regulation.

R J Passey¹, K Xu, D A Hume

¹School of Pathology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

|October 26, 1999

Summary

Murine S100A8 is a crucial protein involved in myeloid cell attraction and inflammatory responses. Its essential role in embryogenesis highlights its non-redundant function within the S100 gene family.

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Immunology
Developmental Biology

Background:

The S100 Ca2+-binding protein family plays significant roles in cellular functions.
Murine S100A8 (mS100A8) acts as a potent chemoattractant for myeloid cells.
mS100A8 is linked to inflammatory conditions like bacterial infection, atherogenesis, and cystic fibrosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the emerging functions of murine S100A8.
To highlight its implications in embryogenesis, growth, differentiation, and immune/inflammatory processes.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on murine S100A8.
Analysis of studies investigating S100A8 expression and function in various cell types and conditions.

Main Results:

mS100A8 is constitutively expressed in neutrophils and regulated by inflammatory stimuli in macrophages and endothelial cells.
Glucocorticoids up-regulate mS100A8 induction, and its sensitivity to oxidation suggests a protective role against tissue damage.
Inactivation of the mS100A8 gene results in embryonic lethality, demonstrating its non-redundant function.

Conclusions:

mS100A8 possesses diverse functions, including chemoattraction, immunomodulation, and a critical role in embryogenesis.
Its involvement in fetal-maternal interactions suggests a protective role against resorption.
mS100A8 is implicated in fundamental biological processes, underscoring its importance beyond inflammation.

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