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Related Experiment Videos

On-line predictive inferences in reading: processing time during versus after the priming context.

M G Calvo1, M D Castillo, A Estevez

  • 1Departámento de Psicología Cognitiva, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.

Memory & Cognition
|November 30, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Readers make predictive inferences after reading text, not during. Increasing the delay after text presentation, not reading time, enhances inference construction, showing a 1-second deferral for predictive processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Reading Comprehension

Background:

  • Predictive inferences are crucial for text comprehension.
  • Previous research indicates that constructing these inferences requires time during online reading.
  • The specific temporal dynamics of inference construction remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinct roles of time available during context reading versus time after context reading on predictive inference construction.
  • To determine when readers engage in making predictive inferences.

Main Methods:

  • Six experiments manipulated context presentation rate and the delay between context and target word.
  • Participants read sentence contexts designed to induce prediction or serve as a control.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Target word latencies were measured to assess inference likelihood.

    • Main Results:

    • Increased reading time improved explicit information comprehension but not inference construction.
    • Increased delay after context reading enhanced inference likelihood, indicated by faster target word naming.
    • This effect was observed even when explicit comprehension was unaffected.

    Conclusions:

    • Readers defer making predictive inferences until approximately 1 second after the sentence context has been processed.
    • The time available during context processing does not influence the online construction of predictive inferences.
    • These findings challenge previous assumptions about the immediate online nature of predictive inference generation.