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[Vitamin B12].

F Watanabe1, Y Nakano

  • 1Department of Health Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Science.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 14, 1999
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin B12, containing cobalt, is synthesized by bacteria and essential for human health. It plays a crucial role in methionine biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism through its coenzyme forms.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nutritional Science

Context:

  • Vitamin B12 is a unique organometallic compound containing cobalt.
  • It is synthesized exclusively by microorganisms, not by plants or animals.
  • Mammalian absorption and transport rely on specific binding proteins and receptors.

Purpose:

  • To summarize the chemical properties of Vitamin B12.
  • To elucidate the physiological functions of Vitamin B12.
  • To describe the intracellular metabolism of Vitamin B12.

Summary:

  • Vitamin B12 is enzymatically converted into active coenzyme forms: methyl-B12 and adenosyl-B12.
  • These coenzymes are essential for methionine synthase and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase.
  • These enzymes are critical for amino acid and fatty acid metabolism.

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Impact:

  • Understanding Vitamin B12's unique properties and functions is vital for human health.
  • Knowledge of its synthesis and metabolism informs nutritional science and medicine.
  • Highlights the critical role of microbial synthesis for this essential nutrient.