Th1 cells that adoptively transfer experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis are activated memory cells

Cultured murine CD4+ T cell lines from Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula-sensitized donors with cytokine secretion characteristics of Th1 cells can adoptively transfer murine experimental hypersensitivity pneumonitis (EHP), whereas Th2 CD4+ cell lines cannot (Cell Immunol 177:169-175, 1997). To assess the differences between these cell lines that may be related to the ability to transfer EHP, we determined cell surface markers that distinguish naive from activated/memory cells that indicate activation and that mediate endothelial adhesion. Both Th1 and Th2 T cell lines are CD4+, CD11a+, ICAM-1+, and L-selectin negative. Th1 cells are CD49d (alpha 4) and LPAM (alpha 4 beta 7) positive, with 32% and 42% of the apparent membrane site density quantitated as the mean molecules of equivalent soluble fluorochromes (MESF) values of unstimulated spleen cells, respectively. Th2 cells are weakly alpha 4 and alpha 4 beta 7 positive, with 15% and 11% of the MESF of unstimulated spleen cells. Th1 cell lines are CD45Rb negative and CD44+, whereas Th2 cell lines are CD45Rb intermediate and CD44-/low. Th1 cells are CD25 (IL-2 receptor) low and Th2 cells CD25 high. We conclude that Th1 cells capable of transfer are activated/memory T cells, and Th2 cells incapable of transfer lack some characteristics of memory/activated T cells (i.e., increase of CD44 and decrease of CD45Rb). Both Th1 and Th2 cell lines express alpha 4 beta 7 and alpha 4 (Th1 > Th2), suggesting that alpha(4) integrin may be important in conferring ability to cells to adoptively transfer EHP.