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Author Spotlight: Developing Novel Anticancer Therapeutics Targeting the DNA Damage Response
Published on: June 14, 2024
Novel anti-cancer agents in development: exciting prospects and new challenges
1National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group, Queens University, 18 Barrie Street, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6.
Abstract:
A large number of cancer chemotherapeutic agents, are in development, many already undergoing clinical testing. A number of these compounds were designed either to modulate or inhibit molecular targets which have been identified as being critical to the development or control of cancer. Targets for inhibition include matrix metalloproteinases, mediators of signal transduction (tyrosine kinases, cyclin dependent kinases and other kinases such as protein kinase C and A) as well as ras expression and prenylation. Classes of potential inhibitory compounds include small molecules, humanized monoclonal antibodies or antisense oligonucleotides. Many of these compounds are relatively well advanced in development. Proof of principle has already been demonstrated in some instances and at least one such compound has been approved for use. Although these new compounds offer exciting opportunities, many bring with them real challenges in terms of the selection of appropriate trial design and surrogate end-points.
Insights
New cancer chemotherapeutic agents targeting critical molecular pathways are advancing rapidly. While promising, these novel compounds present challenges in clinical trial design and endpoint selection.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Drug Development
Background:
- Numerous novel cancer chemotherapeutic agents are in development, many targeting critical molecular pathways.
- These agents aim to modulate or inhibit targets like matrix metalloproteinases, signal transduction mediators (e.g., tyrosine kinases, cyclin-dependent kinases), and ras pathway components.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the development status of novel cancer chemotherapeutic agents targeting specific molecular pathways.
- To highlight the classes of compounds being developed and their advanced stage of research.
Main Methods:
- Review of current research and clinical trial data on novel cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
- Identification of targeted molecular pathways and compound classes (small molecules, monoclonal antibodies, oligonucleotides).
Main Results:
- Many targeted agents are well-advanced, with proof of principle demonstrated.
- At least one targeted agent has received regulatory approval.
- Development includes small molecules, humanized monoclonal antibodies, and antisense oligonucleotides.
Conclusions:
- Novel targeted cancer therapies offer significant promise for improved treatment outcomes.
- Challenges remain in optimizing clinical trial design and selecting appropriate surrogate endpoints for these advanced agents.
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