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Tyrosine improves working memory in a multitasking environment.

J R Thomas1, P A Lockwood, A Singh

  • 1Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.

Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
|November 5, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Tyrosine supplementation may enhance working memory during stressful, multi-task situations. This amino acid may help maintain cognitive performance when facing competing demands or anticipated performance decrements.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Performance

Background:

  • Stress can significantly impair cognitive functions, including working memory.
  • Tyrosine, an amino acid, has shown potential in mitigating stress-induced performance deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of l-tyrosine on cognitive performance under stress.
  • To determine if tyrosine benefits extend to tasks involving simultaneous cognitive demands.

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 20 healthy adults (10 men, 10 women).
  • Participants ingested either 150 mg/kg of l-tyrosine or a placebo.
  • Cognitive performance was assessed using a Multiple Task battery (working memory, arithmetic, visual/auditory monitoring) and a Simple Task battery (working memory, visual monitoring).

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Tyrosine significantly improved accuracy and reduced list retrieval errors in working memory during the Multiple Task battery.
  • No significant effects of tyrosine were observed on arithmetic, visual, or auditory tasks in the Multiple Task battery.
  • Tyrosine did not significantly alter performance on any measures in the Simple Task battery.
  • Physiological measures showed increased heart rate and blood pressure, but not ACTH or cortisol levels, during task performance.

Conclusions:

  • L-tyrosine supplementation may sustain working memory capacity when cognitive performance is challenged by simultaneous task demands.
  • Tyrosine may be a beneficial supplement for maintaining cognitive function during periods of mild to severe performance decrements due to stress.