Coronary MRA--a clinical experience in Europe

This review concentrates on contributions from European centers to magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the coronary arteries. Coronary MR angiography has developed rapidly over the last 10 years, and there has been considerable interaction between Europe and the United States in the technical and clinical developments during this time. The major problems of coronary imaging have been gradually overcome with the combined use of respiratory and cardiac gating, as well as three-dimensional imaging. The ultrafast techniques such as spiral and echoplanar methods are likely to play a larger role in the future, and flow measurements are becoming possible. The next millennium should see the adoption of these techniques into routine clinical practice to allow the safe non-invasive diagnosis of coronary artery disease.J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;10:721-727.