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Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
Published on: January 30, 2011
Thermometric estimation of carbon dioxide output in the anesthetized patient
Abstract:
A thermometer reaching the center of an experimental thermally-insulated lime container, placed in the exhalation limb of a Foregger circle system, was used to measure the carbon dioxide (C02) output of a paralyzed anesthetized patient. Fresh gas inflow, ventilatory rate, and tidal volume were standard. Temperature rise in the canister was found closely related to CO2 output, which was calculated, after a period of stabilization, with the help of a nomogram. The results with this simple instrument coincided with those of more complex procedures.
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