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Related Experiment Videos

Aphids, predators and parasitoids.

L J Wadhams1, M A Birkett, W Powell

  • 1Biological and Ecological Chemistry Department, IACR-Rothamsted, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, UK.

Novartis Foundation Symposium
|November 5, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Plant volatiles released when aphids feed attract beneficial insects like parasitoids. Aphid pheromones also play roles in attracting predators and influencing behavior.

Area of Science:

  • Chemical Ecology
  • Insect Behavior
  • Plant-Insect Interactions

Background:

  • Herbivore-induced plant volatiles mediate foraging behavior of aphid parasitoids.
  • Aphids use pheromones for mating and alarm responses, influencing reproduction and defense.
  • Plant volatiles act as synomones, guiding parasitoids to aphid hosts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate species-specificity of herbivore-induced synomones.
  • Explore the role of aphid sex and alarm pheromones in attracting natural enemies.
  • Determine if aphid pheromones act as kairomones for predators and parasitoids.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of plant volatile composition altered by aphid feeding.
  • Identification and synthesis of aphid sex and alarm pheromones.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Behavioral assays and electrophysiological studies with parasitoids and predators.

    • Main Results:

    • Herbivore-induced volatiles are species-specific synomones for parasitoids.
    • Synthetic aphid sex pheromones attract predators and parasitoids (kairomones).
    • (E)-beta-farnesene and beta-caryophyllene attract lacewings and ladybirds, influencing prey location.

    Conclusions:

    • Plant volatiles and aphid pheromones are crucial semiochemicals in tritrophic interactions.
    • These compounds mediate foraging, reproduction, and defense in insect communities.
    • Understanding these signals can inform biological control strategies.