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The effect of pregnancy on the lower-limb venous system of women with varicose veins.

C Sparey1, N Haddad, G Sissons

  • 1The Countess of Chester NHS Trust Hospital, Liverpool Road, Chester, CH2 1BQ, U.K.

European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery : the Official Journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery
|November 7, 1999
PubMed
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Pregnancy significantly dilates superficial veins in women with varicose veins, particularly in the thigh. These venous changes, including altered reflux, typically resolve postpartum.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Obstetrics
  • Phlebology

Background:

  • Varicose veins affect a significant portion of the female population.
  • Pregnancy is a known risk factor for the development and exacerbation of venous insufficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal effects of pregnancy on the lower-limb venous system in women with pre-existing varicose veins.
  • To quantify changes in venous diameter, reflux velocity, and duration throughout gestation and postpartum.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 11 pregnant women with diagnosed varicose veins.
  • Color-flow duplex scanning was utilized to assess lower-limb veins at multiple gestational points (12, 20, 26, 34, 38 weeks) and 6 weeks postpartum.
  • Measurements included venous diameter, reflux velocity, and duration at a 75-degree head-up tilt.

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Main Results:

  • All participants exhibited venous reflux and varicose veins at baseline.
  • Progressive dilation of lower-limb veins was observed with advancing gestation, most pronounced in the superficial venous system.
  • Statistically significant dilation was noted in multiple superficial and deep veins, including the long saphenous, superficial femoral, and posterior tibial veins.
  • Reflux velocity increased, while reflux duration decreased with gestation, most notably in the long saphenous veins.

Conclusions:

  • Pregnancy induces significant changes in the superficial venous system, particularly in the thigh, in women with varicose veins.
  • The left leg showed more pronounced effects compared to the right.
  • Venous parameters largely returned to pre-pregnancy levels within six weeks postpartum.