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Intracellular expression of CD61 precedes surface expression.
1III. Medizinische Klinik Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Wiesbadenerstrasse 7-11, D-68305 Mannheim, Germany.
Annals of Hematology
|November 7, 1999
Summary
This study identifies acute megakaryoblastic leukemia by detecting intracytoplasmic CD61 expression in myeloid blasts. This finding aids in differentiating early acute myeloid leukemia subtypes with unclear morphology.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Immunophenotyping
Background:
- Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) classification relies on morphology, immunophenotype, and cytogenetics.
- Differentiating AML subtypes, particularly those with undifferentiated morphology like FAB-M0 and early FAB-M7, can be challenging.
- Megakaryoblastic differentiation is typically identified by cell surface markers.
Observation:
- A case of acute myeloid leukemia presented with agranular blasts negative for myeloperoxidase.
- Flow cytometry revealed myeloid markers (HLA-DR, CD7, CD13, CD33, CD34) and intracytoplasmic CD61 expression.
- Cytogenetic analysis identified a deletion on chromosome 7: del(7)(q21-22).
Findings:
- Intracytoplasmic CD61 expression was confirmed via flow cytometry after cell permeabilization.
- This suggests that cytoplasmic CD61 expression may precede cell surface expression.
- The myeloid origin was confirmed by a panel of myeloid-associated antigens.
Implications:
- Detecting intracytoplasmic CD61 is crucial for diagnosing early acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (FAB-M7).
- This method can help distinguish FAB-M7 from FAB-M0 in cases with undifferentiated morphology and negative cytochemistry.
- Investigating cytoplasmic CD61 expression offers a valuable diagnostic tool in challenging AML cases.