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Related Experiment Videos

Alterations in brain structure and function associated with post-traumatic stress disorder.

J D Bremner1

  • 1Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale Psychiatric Institute, Yale/VA PET Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.

Seminars in Clinical Neuropsychiatry
|November 11, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Neuroimaging reveals that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is linked to reduced hippocampus volume and prefrontal cortex dysfunction. These brain changes in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex may explain PTSD

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with alterations in brain structure and function.
  • The hippocampus and prefrontal cortex are consistently implicated in PTSD pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review neuroimaging findings related to the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in PTSD.
  • To explore how structural and functional brain changes may contribute to PTSD symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess hippocampal volume.
  • Positron emission tomography (PET) to evaluate prefrontal cortex function and receptor binding.

Main Results:

  • PTSD is associated with reduced hippocampal volume, impacting learning and memory.

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  • Medial and orbital prefrontal cortex dysfunction observed during symptom provocation.
  • Decreased benzodiazepine receptor binding in the medial prefrontal cortex.

    • Conclusions:

    • Dysfunction in the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex may underlie memory deficits in PTSD.
    • Altered function in these brain regions may contribute to emotional dysregulation in PTSD.