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Pediatric movement disorders.

R Saunders-Pullman1, I Braun, S Bressman

  • 1Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.

Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
|December 20, 1999
PubMed
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This article reviews hyperkinetic movement disorders in children, including tremor, dystonia, and Tourette syndrome. It covers their symptoms, causes, genetics, and treatments for better diagnosis and management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Movement disorders in children involve abnormal motor control, categorized as hyperkinetic (excessive movement) or hypokinetic (decreased movement).
  • Hyperkinetic movement disorders present unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of hyperkinetic movement disorders in children.
  • To discuss the phenomenology, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, genetics, and treatment of various hyperkinetic movement disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on pediatric hyperkinetic movement disorders.
  • Synthesis of information regarding specific conditions such as tremor, Wilson's disease, dystonia, tics, Tourette syndrome, chorea, myoclonus, neuroleptic-induced movement disorders, and psychogenic movement disorders.

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Main Results:

  • Detailed descriptions of the clinical features and diagnostic criteria for each disorder.
  • Explanation of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and genetic factors contributing to these conditions.
  • Overview of current and emerging treatment strategies for managing pediatric hyperkinetic movement disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis and understanding of the underlying mechanisms are crucial for effective management of pediatric hyperkinetic movement disorders.
  • A multidisciplinary approach is often necessary for optimal patient care, integrating genetic, neurological, and therapeutic interventions.