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Updated: Jul 23, 2026

A Fish-feeding Laboratory Bioassay to Assess the Antipredatory Activity of Secondary Metabolites from the Tissues of Marine Organisms
Published on: January 11, 2015
Antifeedant Delphinium Diterpenoid Alkaloids. Structure-Activity Relationships
González-Coloma1, Guadaño, Gutiérrez
1Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales, CSIC, Serrano 115-dpdo., 28006 Madrid, Spain; UDI Fitopatología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; and Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Avenida Astrofísico F. Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
Abstract:
The insect antifeedant and toxic activity of the Delphinium diterpene alkaloids 15-acetylcardiopetamine, cardiopetamine along with its amino alcohol, the beta,gamma unsaturated ketone, and the acetylated ketone derivatives were studied in Spodoptera littoralis and Leptinotarsadecemlineata. Cardiopetamine and 15-acetylcardiopetamine strongly inhibited the feeding activity of S. littoralis and L. decemlineata, respectively. Structure-activity studies with S. littoralis showed that the C13 and C15 hydroxy substituents are essential features of the active molecule, while a C13 hydroxy and/or a C15 acetate determined their effect on L.decemlineata. The C11 benzoate group enhanced the biological effect on both insect species. These alkaloids were not toxic to S. littoralis, while their toxicity on L. decemlineata was inversely correlated with their antifeedant effects, the beta,gamma unsaturated ketone derivative being the most toxic. Cardiopetamine showed little antifungal action against several species of plant pathogens and did not have any mutagenic effects on Salmonella typhimurium by means of the Ames test.
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