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Related Experiment Videos

Reducing children's immunization distress in a primary care setting.

A M Bowen1, M M Dammeyer

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Wyoming, Laramie 82071-3415, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Nursing
|November 11, 1999
PubMed
Summary

A party blower effectively reduced distress in children during immunizations, proving more distracting than a pinwheel. This simple, inexpensive technique offers a practical solution for managing pediatric procedural pain.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric healthcare
  • Pain management
  • Behavioral interventions

Background:

  • Immunizations are a common source of acute procedural pain and distress in children.
  • Effective, low-cost, and easily implemented distraction techniques are needed to improve the pediatric immunization experience.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of a party blower versus a pinwheel as brief distraction interventions for preschool children undergoing immunizations.
  • To evaluate the impact of these interventions on children's reported distress and parental perceptions of restraint.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty preschool children were randomized into three groups: party blower intervention, pinwheel intervention, or a control group.
  • Nurses provided standard instructions for the control group and encouraged distracter use in intervention groups without extensive training.

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  • Children's distress and parental need for physical restraint were assessed using rating scales.

    • Main Results:

    • The party blower intervention significantly reduced children's self-reported distress (P < .01).
    • Parents in the party blower group reported needing to hold their children less strongly (P = .04).
    • The party blower was found to be more effective at distracting children than the pinwheel (P < .02).

    Conclusions:

    • Party blowers are an effective and practical distraction tool for reducing distress during pediatric immunizations.
    • This intervention requires minimal staff training and does not delay clinic procedures.
    • The findings support the use of party blowers as a simple, inexpensive method to enhance pediatric procedural care.