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Published on: November 9, 2017
Advances in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: disease variants and inflammatory response mediators
1Neuromuscular Diseases Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1382, USA.
Abstract:
Available data on the immunopathogenesis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy remain still fragmentary and insufficient for a unified hypothesis. Macrophage-mediated demyelination appears to play a fundamental role and cytokines, especially tumour necrosis factor-alpha, participate in this process. The nature of antigen presenting cells, T-cell receptors, adhesion molecules between inflammatory cells and myelinated fibers and the apparent predominance of T helper cell 1-related cytokines need to be explored to design more specific immunotherapies. In chronic cases of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, a concomitant axonal loss secondary to primary demyelination is common and should be taken into consideration in the design of future therapeutic strategies.
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