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Organotin compounds decrease in vitro survival, proliferation and differentiation of normal human B lymphocytes.

A De Santiago1, M Aguilar-Santelises

  • 1Department of Hematology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Human & Experimental Toxicology
|November 11, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Organotin compounds (OTC) harm human immune cells. Exposure to OTC in vitro reduced B cell survival, proliferation, and IgM secretion, indicating immunotoxicity in human immune tissues.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunotoxicology
  • Environmental Health
  • Organometallic Chemistry

Background:

  • Organotin compounds (OTC) are widely used industrially and agriculturally, leading to widespread environmental contamination.
  • OTC are known immunotoxins, but research has primarily focused on rodent models and T cell immunity.
  • Human exposure to OTC occurs through inhalation, absorption, and ingestion of contaminated food and water.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of OTC on human B cells from tonsils.
  • To assess the impact of various OTC concentrations on B cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation in vitro.

Main Methods:

  • Human B cells were isolated from tonsils.
  • Cells were exposed to five different OTC at various concentrations during in vitro culture.

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  • Assays included cell viability, proliferation (stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1 (SAC) and IL-2), IgM secretion, and phosphatidylserine exposure (apoptosis marker).

    • Main Results:

    • All tested OTC, except TET, killed non-stimulated B cells at 100 nM after 8 hours.
    • OTC inhibited the proliferation of stimulated B lymphocytes at concentrations of 100 nM and higher.
    • Dibutyltin chloride (DBT) reduced IgM secretion, while TPT and DBT induced apoptosis in B cells at 100 nM.

    Conclusions:

    • Human B cells exhibit reduced survival, proliferation, and differentiation capacity when exposed to OTC in vitro.
    • These findings highlight the potential immunotoxic effects of OTC on human B cell immunity.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the full scope of OTC immunotoxicity in humans.