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A method to obtain a randomized control group where it seems impossible. A case study in program evaluation.

S H Zhu1

  • 1University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0905, USA. szhu@ucsd.edu

Evaluation Review
|November 11, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Randomized control groups are difficult in field research. This study introduces a method using participant compliance to create a randomized control group for program evaluation, illustrated with a smoking intervention project.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science
  • Research Methodology

Background:

  • Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for program evaluation but are often infeasible in real-world settings.
  • Field-based research frequently faces challenges in implementing strict experimental designs due to participant needs and logistical constraints.
  • Balancing rigorous evaluation with participant-centered program delivery is a persistent challenge in applied research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel method for constructing a randomized control group in field settings.
  • To address the conflict between rigorous experimental design and serving participant needs.
  • To demonstrate the applicability of this method using a smoking intervention program.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • The proposed method classifies participants based on their compliance with program instructions.
  • This compliance-based classification creates a randomized control group from a subset of participants.
  • Two variations of this method are illustrated using a large-scale smoking intervention project.

    • Main Results:

    • The compliance-based randomization method allows for the formation of a valid control group without compromising participant engagement.
    • This approach offers a practical solution for researchers evaluating programs in community or field settings.
    • The smoking intervention example demonstrates the feasibility and utility of the described method.

    Conclusions:

    • Participant compliance can be effectively leveraged to establish randomized control groups in challenging field environments.
    • This methodology enhances the feasibility of rigorous program evaluation while respecting participant preferences.
    • The described approach provides a valuable tool for researchers aiming to conduct impactful intervention studies.