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Effect of CD34(+) cell dose on resource utilization in patients after high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral-blood
K A Schulman1, R Birch, B Zhen
1Clinical Economics Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA. schulmak@gunet.georgetown.edu
Purpose:
The mean time to neutrophil and platelet recovery for patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) supported with peripheral-blood stem cells (PBSCs) is related to the dose of CD34(+) cells infused. The effect of cell dose on resource utilization after transplantation has not been previously reported.
Materials And Methods:
We assessed CD34(+) cell dose and resource utilization for 1,317 patients undergoing transplantation with PBSCs from April 1991 to June 1997. PBSCs were collected after mobilization with chemotherapy and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF). Daily measurement of the CD34(+) content of the PBSC collection was performed by a central laboratory using a single CD34(+) analysis technique. Resource utilization included engraftment parameters, length of stay, and transfusion requirements for 100 days posttransplantation. Analysis included descriptive statistics and multiple regression.
Results:
Mean patient age was 47 years, and 86% of patients were female. Median cell dose was 3.6 x 10(6)/kg and 13.2 x 10(6)/kg for patients receiving less than 5.0 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg and 5.0 x 10(6) or more CD34(+) cells/kg, respectively. Patients receiving less than 5. 0 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg were more likely to have metastatic breast cancer or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and required more platelet and RBC transfusions, 3.3 more hospital days, and increased antibiotic and antifungal use. In univariate analysis, the cost of care was $41,516 (+/-$20,876 SD) and $32,382 (+/-$16,353 SD) for patients with less than 5.0 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg and 5.0 x 10(6) or more CD34(+) cells/kg, respectively. In multivariate analysis, patients with less than 5.0 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg had an increase in costs of $5,062 (+/- $1,262 SE).
Conclusion:
Infusion of more than 5.0 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg was associated with a reduction in resource utilization. Achieving a target of 5.0 x 10(6) CD34(+) cells/kg should have important clinical and economic benefits for patients.