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Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Comet Assay to Quantify DNA Damage in FLT3 Mutant-expressing 32D Cells after Exposure to Type I and Type II FLT3 Inhibitors
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Drugs five years later: cytarabine.

W B Kremer

    Annals of Internal Medicine
    |May 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cytarabine effectively treats acute leukemia, especially adult acute myeloblastic leukemia, when combined with other agents. Careful patient support is crucial during treatment due to bone marrow suppression.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Cytarabine, approved in 1969, is a key agent in acute leukemia treatment.
    • Evolving knowledge of its properties has enhanced clinical effectiveness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the established and emerging roles of cytarabine in cancer therapy.
    • To highlight the importance of supportive care during cytarabine treatment.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of clinical trials and pharmacologic data.
    • Analysis of cytarabine's efficacy in various hematologic malignancies.

    Main Results:

    • Achieves >50% complete remission in adult acute myeloblastic leukemia when combined with other agents.
    • Requires intensive supportive care due to induced bone marrow hypoplasia and pancytopenia.

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  • Shows promising, yet investigational, results in acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma.

    • Conclusions:

    • Cytarabine is a highly effective treatment for acute myeloblastic leukemia, necessitating robust supportive care.
    • Its use in non-malignant diseases is not proven and carries significant risks.
    • Ongoing research is exploring its potential in other hematologic cancers.