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Elderly suicide in Alberta: difference by gender.

H Quan1, J Arboleda-Flórez

  • 1Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta. hquan@.ucalgary.ca

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie
|November 24, 1999
PubMed
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Elderly males who die by suicide are more likely to use firearms and face financial or physical health issues. Elderly females who die by suicide more frequently experience mental health challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Suicide among the elderly is a significant public health concern.
  • Understanding gender-specific patterns in elderly suicide is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender-based differences in suicide characteristics among individuals aged 55 and older.
  • To analyze demographic factors, suicide methods, prior behavior, and precipitating stressors in elderly suicides by gender.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study analyzing completed suicides of individuals aged 55+ in Alberta from 1984-1995.
  • Data abstracted from medical examiner records for 920 cases.

Main Results:

  • Elderly males predominantly used firearms (43.8%) and were more likely to be single (12.5%) and reside in rural areas (46.7%).

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  • Physical illness (40.3% vs. 29.9%) and financial difficulties (8.7% vs. 1.8%) were more frequent stressors for males.
  • Mental illness was a more common stressor for elderly females (35.8% vs. 15.3%).
  • Males had a lower frequency of previous suicide attempts (16.5%).

    • Conclusions:

    • Lethal suicide methods, physical illness, and financial difficulties are more prevalent among elderly males compared to females.
    • Mental illness is a more significant precipitating stressor for elderly females.