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Dental mutilations among villagers in Central Java and Bali.

J J Pindborg, I J Mŏller, I Effendi

    Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology
    |August 1, 1975
    PubMed
    Summary

    Dental mutilation, involving grinding teeth, was highly prevalent in Central Java and Bali, with over 80% of males and 99% of females exhibiting the practice. Most cases involved artificial tooth staining.

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    Area of Science:

    • Paleodontology
    • Physical Anthropology
    • Cultural Anthropology

    Background:

    • Dental mutilation is a historical practice found in various cultures worldwide.
    • Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of dental mutilation provides insights into past societal behaviors and beliefs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence of dental mutilation in Central Java and Bali.
    • To document the specific forms and characteristics of dental mutilation observed.
    • To explore potential historical evidence of dental mutilation in ancient art.

    Main Methods:

    • Examination of 779 villagers in Central Java and 437 villagers in Bali for dental mutilations.
    • Documentation of the types of dental modifications, focusing on incisors and canines.
    • Observation of artificial staining on mutilated teeth.
    • Review of historical artifacts, including a relief at Borobudur temple.

    Main Results:

    • High prevalence of dental mutilation: 81.1% of males and 99.2% of females in Java; 91.3% of males and 96.6% of females in Bali.
    • The mutilation primarily involved grinding the incisal and vestibular surfaces of maxillary incisors and canines.
    • Most mutilated teeth in both regions showed evidence of artificial staining.
    • A relief at Borobudur temple, dating to approximately 800 A.D., may depict dental mutilation.

    Conclusions:

    • Dental mutilation was a widespread practice in Central Java and Bali during the study period.
    • The consistent patterns of grinding and staining suggest a culturally significant tradition.
    • The Borobudur relief offers potential archaeological evidence supporting the ancient origins of this practice in the region.

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