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Methods for assessing the biological effects of specific plant components
J W Fahey1, B A Clevidence, R M Russell
1Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205-2185, USA.
Nutrition Reviews
|November 24, 1999
Summary
Phytonutrient research has evolved from anecdotal evidence to robust epidemiological data. Further research requires refined laboratory methods and biomarkers to understand health impacts.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Epidemiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Phytonutrient research historically relied on anecdotal clinical references.
- Recent advances include extensive dietary, epidemiological, and biochemical data.
- Emerging quantitative approaches incorporate mechanistic and genetic epidemiology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the evolution and current state of phytonutrient research.
- To highlight the need for integrating diverse research methodologies.
- To emphasize the development of specific biomarkers for disease endpoints.
Main Methods:
- Review of qualitative and semi-quantitative dietary epidemiologic data.
- Integration of biochemical, mechanistic, and genetic epidemiology.
- Development of laboratory methods for quantitative analysis.
Main Results:
- Significant growth in quantitative epidemiological data for phytonutrients.
- Advancement in laboratory techniques to support mechanistic studies.
- Identification of the need for refined study designs and biomarkers.
Conclusions:
- Phytonutrient research is transitioning to a more quantitative and mechanistic phase.
- Continued development of nutrition epidemiology and laboratory methods is crucial.
- Establishing appropriate biomarkers is essential for future research and clinical application.