Treatment of urinary tract infections

Treatment of UTI with oral antibiotics alone is generally effective, even in young children with pyelonephritis. Cefixime has a broad spectrum of activity and is suitable as an empiric agent in most cases. In patients who are unlikely to tolerate oral medications because of vomiting or who appear toxic on examination, hospitalization and initial treatment with i.v. therapy is indicated. In general, radiographic studies can be performed prior to completion of the primary course of antibiotics, and prophylactic treatment is unnecessary. Patients should receive instruction about the risk of recurrent infection and should be advised to seek medical attention when symptoms of UTI develop.