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Updated: Aug 21, 2026

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High-resolution Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods for Human Midbrain
Published on: May 10, 2012
Real-time 3D image registration for functional MRI
1Biophysics Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. rwcox@mcw.edu
Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|November 26, 1999
Abstract:
Subject head movements are one of the main practical difficulties with brain functional MRI. A fast, accurate method for rotating and shifting a three-dimensional (3D) image using a shear factorization of the rotation matrix is described. Combined with gradient descent (repeated linearization) on a least squares objective function, 3D image realignment for small movements can be computed as rapidly as whole brain images can be acquired on current scanners. Magn Reson Med 42:1014-1018, 1999.

