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Updated: Aug 18, 2026

Changes in Mammary Gland Morphology and Breast Cancer Risk in Rats
Published on: October 16, 2010
Breast cancer and pregnancy
M L Gemignani1, J A Petrek, P I Borgen
1Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Abstract:
Pregnancy-associated breast cancer has an overall worse prognosis than nonpregnancy-associated breast cancers because a large proportion present with more advanced disease. Stage for stage, however, the prognosis is similar. The various modalities used for screening, diagnosis, and staging of breast cancer are not always applicable during pregnancy. Often, a delay in diagnosis may contribute to a more advanced stage at presentation. The management of pregnant women with breast cancer is also different because it involves assessing the possible risks to the fetus versus the maternal benefits.
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