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[Immunogenetics and cerebral malaria].

D Mazier1, M Idrissa-Boubou

  • 1INSERM U 511, Immunobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire des infections parasitaires, Faculté de médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.

Bulletin De La Societe De Pathologie Exotique (1990)
|November 26, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Genetic variations influence cerebral malaria severity. While TNF-alpha gene polymorphism shows a clear association, other studied gene polymorphisms have inconsistent or geographically varied results, complicating research.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and immunology of infectious diseases.
  • Molecular mechanisms of Plasmodium falciparum pathogenesis.

Context:

  • Cerebral malaria is a severe complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection.
  • Pathology involves infected red blood cell adhesion to endothelium, causing micro-vessel occlusion.
  • Immune response genes and endothelial adhesion molecules are implicated.

Purpose:

  • To review the role of genetic polymorphisms in cerebral malaria susceptibility and severity.
  • To evaluate findings from candidate gene association studies and discuss methodological challenges.

Summary:

  • Polymorphisms in genes like ICAM-1, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, iNOS2, CR-1, MBP, and HLA-B53 have been investigated.
  • Only TNF-alpha polymorphism shows a consistent association with cerebral malaria.

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  • Other polymorphisms yield heterogeneous, contradictory, or null results, highlighting research complexities.

    • Impact:

    • Identifies TNF-alpha as a key genetic factor in cerebral malaria.
    • Underscores the need for robust study designs, like family studies, to overcome control cohort limitations.
    • Suggests further research into genetic influences on malaria pathogenesis and immune response modulation.