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Fluid therapy in mature cattle.

A J Roussel1

  • 1Department of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, Texas Veterinary Medical Center, Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station, USA.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice
|November 26, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Proper fluid therapy for cattle involves using nonalkalizing solutions for mature animals, as they are typically alkalotic. Special cases may require different solutions, and both intravenous and oral routes offer benefits for rehydration and electrolyte balance.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Physiology

Background:

  • Mature cattle commonly present with metabolic alkalosis, necessitating careful fluid therapy selection.
  • Dehydration in cattle often requires correction of electrolyte imbalances, including potassium and calcium deficiencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline appropriate fluid therapy strategies for cattle based on their acid-base status.
  • To identify specific conditions requiring non-standard fluid therapy approaches in cattle.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on fluid therapy in cattle.
  • Analysis of acid-base and electrolyte derangements in various bovine disease states.

Main Results:

  • Nonalkalizing fluid solutions are generally indicated for mature cattle due to their tendency towards alkalosis.

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  • Exceptions include conditions like choke, carbohydrate engorgement, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, diarrhea, and ketosis, which may require different fluid compositions.
  • Intravenous fluid administration is crucial for cattle with obstructive gastrointestinal disease or severe dehydration.
  • Oral or intraruminal fluid administration is a cost-effective and often effective alternative for rehydration and electrolyte replenishment.

    • Conclusions:

    • Fluid therapy is a vital supportive treatment for sick cattle.
    • Tailoring fluid type and administration route to the specific condition and acid-base status of the animal is essential for successful outcomes.