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Acute mastoiditis in children--our experience
P Vera-Cruz1, R R Farinha, V Calado
1Hospital de S. José, Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia, Lisbon, Portugal.
International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|November 27, 1999
Summary
Acute mastoiditis incidence remained stable between 1993-1997, despite antibiotic use. Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common cause, with retroauricular abscesses being the main complication.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Background:
- The incidence of acute mastoiditis and its complications have shown changes since the 1950s.
- Recent studies suggest a potential rise in acute mastoiditis, possibly linked to antibiotic resistance and altered acute otitis media treatment protocols.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of acute mastoiditis in pediatric patients.
- To analyze trends in acute mastoiditis incidence and associated complications over a five-year period.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective review of 62 pediatric patient records diagnosed with acute mastoiditis between January 1993 and December 1997.
- Analysis of patient demographics, clinical course, microbiological data, treatment regimens (intravenous antibiotics), and recorded complications.
Main Results:
- No statistically significant difference in the incidence of acute mastoiditis was observed across the five-year study period (P > 0.1).
- The most frequently isolated microorganism was Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- Fifteen complications were recorded, predominantly 14 retroauricular subperiosteal abscesses and one subdural empyema.
Conclusions:
- During the study period (1993-1997), the incidence of acute mastoiditis in pediatric patients remained consistent.
- Streptococcus pneumoniae was the primary pathogen identified, and subperiosteal abscesses were the most common complication, necessitating intravenous antibiotic treatment.