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Dysphonia in infants.

J Hirschberg1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cleft Palate Center, Madarász Children's Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|November 30, 1999
PubMed
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Infant dysphonia, or abnormal infant crying, presents diverse pathological phonations. Many types, like hoarse or shrill cries, indicate specific conditions, while others resolve spontaneously.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Otolaryngology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Infant vocalizations are highly variable, complicating the definition of infant dysphonia.
  • Dysphonia in infants encompasses deviations in voice parameters like timbre, pitch, intensity, and noise.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To categorize and describe various types of pathological infant phonation.
  • To differentiate between broader and narrower definitions of infant dysphonia.
  • To explore the underlying causes and diagnostic approaches for infant dysphonia.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of 20 types of pathological infant phonation.
  • Distinguishing between dysphonia with and without neurological or chromosomal abnormalities.
  • Utilizing perceptual evaluation, endoscopy, and acoustic analysis for diagnosis.

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Main Results:

  • Identified characteristic dysphonic cries: hoarse (vocal cord issues), hollow (tracheal stenosis), shrill (CNS damage), bleating (Down syndrome), faint (myogenic diseases), mewing (Cri-du-chat syndrome).
  • Defined narrower infant dysphonia as pathological phonation without neurological, chromosomal, or laryngeal lesions, often linked to immature laryngeal innervation.
  • Observed that narrower infant dysphonia typically improves and resolves spontaneously.

Conclusions:

  • Infant dysphonia has diverse manifestations, some indicative of specific syndromes or conditions.
  • Immature laryngeal innervation is a key factor in a subset of infant dysphonia cases.
  • A combination of perceptual, endoscopic, and acoustic methods aids in diagnosing infant dysphonia.