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Related Experiment Videos

Gluttony and thermogenesis revisited.

M J Stock1

  • 1Department of Physiology, St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK. m.stock@sghm.ac.uk

International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
|December 1, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) may have evolved to help balance nutrient intake, not just energy. Individual DIT variations could predict obesity susceptibility.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • Thermogenesis, or heat production, is vital for body temperature regulation (shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis) and fever response.
  • Diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) plays a role in energy balance and nutrient metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolutionary and biological significance of thermogenesis, focusing on diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT).
  • To explore the role of DIT in nutrient regulation and its potential as an indicator for obesity susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on thermogenesis, including animal studies and human overfeeding studies.
  • Re-analysis of twelve overfeeding studies conducted between 1967 and 1999.

Main Results:

  • Animal studies suggest DIT evolved primarily to manage nutrient-deficient or unbalanced diets.
  • Human overfeeding studies indicate DIT may also serve a primary role in regulating essential nutrient metabolism.
  • Significant individual differences in DIT were observed, particularly with high- or low-protein diets during overfeeding.

Conclusions:

  • DIT's role in energy balance regulation may be secondary to its function in metabolic nutrient supply.
  • Individual variations in DIT could serve as a sensitive marker for distinguishing between obesity resistance and susceptibility.

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