An Sp1 binding site is essential for basal activity of the human prostate-specific transglutaminase gene (TGM4) promoter
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Updated: Oct 18, 2026

Analysis of the c-KIT Ligand Promoter Using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
Published on: June 27, 2017
H J Dubbink1, K B Cleutjens, H A van der Korput
1Department of Urology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Dubbink@path.fgg.eur.nl
Abstract:
Human prostate-specific transglutaminase (hTG(P)) is a cross-linking enzyme encoded by the TGM4 gene. The TGM4 gene promoter was characterized by deletion mapping and mutational analysis. Promoter constructs, containing the minimal promoter requirements, could efficiently drive transcription in the prostate cancer cell lines PC346C and LNCaP and the hepatic cancer cell line Hep3B. The region between positions -113 and -61 was demonstrated to be essential for core promoter activity. Further analysis revealed the functional importance of an Sp1 binding motif, 5'-ACCCCGCCCC-3', at positions -96 to -87. This sequence is a binding site of the ubiquitous transcription factors Sp1 and Sp3.
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