Nursing intervention and smoking cessation: A meta-analysis.

Area of Science:

• Nursing Research
• Public Health Interventions
• Smoking Cessation Science

Background:

• Smoking remains a leading cause of preventable death globally.
• Effective smoking cessation interventions are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
• The role of nurses in delivering these interventions requires comprehensive evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of nursing-delivered smoking cessation interventions.
• To synthesize evidence from multiple studies on nurse-led smoking cessation support.
• To identify factors influencing the success of these interventions.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 comparative studies.
• Inclusion of studies comparing nursing interventions with control or usual care.
• Application of random-effects modeling to account for study heterogeneity.

Main Results:

• Nursing interventions significantly increased the odds of smoking cessation compared to control groups.
• Interventions demonstrated efficacy in both hospitalized (especially cardiovascular disease patients) and non-hospitalized populations.
• No significant difference in effect was found between intensive and less intensive interventions.
• Nurse counseling during routine health checks showed less impact.

Conclusions:

• Nursing-delivered smoking cessation interventions are effective and beneficial for patients.
• Nurses play a vital role in supporting patients to quit smoking.
• Targeted interventions may be more effective for specific patient groups, such as those with cardiovascular disease.