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A rapidly polymerizing polyurethane for transcatheter embolization.

J L Doppman, W Aven, R L Bowman

    Cardiovascular Radiology
    |April 25, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new polyurethane prepolymer shows promise as a transcatheter embolizing agent, rapidly polymerizing in blood. However, further research is needed due to observed local tissue toxicity in animal studies.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Vascular Surgery
    • Medical Device Development

    Background:

    • Transcatheter embolization is a minimally invasive procedure used to block blood flow.
    • Current embolic agents have limitations, including propagation control and biocompatibility.
    • Polyurethane prepolymers offer potential for rapid in-situ polymerization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate a polyurethane prepolymer as a novel transcatheter embolizing agent.
    • To assess its polymerization characteristics, propagation, and acute/chronic toxicity in animal models.

    Main Methods:

    • A polyurethane prepolymer was injected via catheters into animal models.
    • Polymerization initiation and completion times were recorded upon contact with blood.
    • Downstream propagation was compared to existing embolic agents (cyanoacrylate, silicone rubber).

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  • Acute systemic toxicity and chronic local tissue effects (arterial wall dissolution, extravasation) were evaluated.

    • Main Results:

    • The polyurethane prepolymer demonstrated low viscosity, enabling injection through small catheters.
    • Rapid polymerization was initiated upon blood contact, completing within 10 seconds.
    • Downstream propagation was superior to cyanoacrylate and comparable to silicone rubber.
    • No systemic toxicity was observed in acute experiments.
    • Chronic embolization led to arterial wall dissolution and extravasation, indicating local tissue toxicity.

    Conclusions:

    • The evaluated polyurethane prepolymer exhibits favorable properties for transcatheter embolization, including rapid polymerization and controlled propagation.
    • Significant local tissue toxicity observed in chronic animal studies necessitates further investigation before clinical application.