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Related Experiment Videos

Disturbances in large bowel motility.

R C Spiller1

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Nottingham, UK.

Bailliere'S Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology
|December 2, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) involves abnormal colonic motility and rectal sensations, often worsened by diet and stress. Symptoms can persist long-term, particularly after infections, impacting gut-brain interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neurogastroenterology
  • Digestive System Physiology

Background:

  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by significant variability in symptoms.
  • Disorders of colonic motility and abnormal rectal sensations are prominent features in IBS patients.
  • Straining during defecation is common, even with soft stools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of colonic motility disorders in IBS.
  • To investigate the role of rectal sensitivity, dietary factors, and stress in IBS.
  • To understand the impact of sleep disturbances and entero-endocrine changes on IBS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on colonic motility, rectal sensitivity, and physiological responses in IBS.
  • Analysis of the effects of dietary fiber, eating, stress, and sleep on gut function.
  • Examination of neuroendocrine pathways, including corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) and autonomic nervous system balance.

Main Results:

  • IBS colons show increased responsiveness to eating and stress.
  • Abnormal rectal sensations and defecatory disorders are linked to altered rectal sensitivity.
  • Sleep disturbances and increased colonic activity during sleep are observed in IBS.
  • Sympathetic/vagal imbalance and heightened responsiveness to CRF are common.
  • Infectious enteritis can trigger IBS, affecting the entero-endocrine system.

Conclusions:

  • IBS pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving motility disorders, altered sensitivity, and stress responses.
  • Gut-brain axis dysregulation, including autonomic imbalance and neuroendocrine changes, plays a crucial role.
  • Post-infectious IBS highlights the long-term impact on gut physiology and entero-endocrine function.

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