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[Cytomegalovirus infection in children with endogenous uveitis]
Insights
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common in children with uveitis, with active infections potentially causing or worsening the condition. Careful patient analysis is crucial for understanding CMV's role in uveitis etiology.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Virology
- Pediatrics
Context:
- Uveitis in children can have various causes.
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common viral infection.
- The role of CMV in pediatric uveitis requires further investigation.
Purpose:
- To investigate the prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in children with uveitis.
- To determine the association between active CMV infection and different clinical forms of pediatric uveitis.
- To evaluate the etiological and pathogenetic role of CMV in uveitis.
Summary:
- A study of 405 children (3 months–15 years) with uveitis and 50 mothers of children with intrauterine uveitis found high rates of chronic CMV infection (79% children, 88% mothers).
- Active CMV infection was diagnosed in 7.1% of children with uveitis, particularly in severe posterior uveitis and panuveitis with retinal detachment and vitreous fibrosis.
- Anti-CMV IgG antibodies indicate infection but are insufficient for uveitis etiology. Active CMV can cause or exacerbate uveitis and complicate surgery, sometimes occurring during remission.
Impact:
- Highlights the significant prevalence of CMV in pediatric uveitis cases.
- Suggests active CMV infection as a potential cause or contributing factor in pediatric uveitis.
- Emphasizes the need for individualized clinical and laboratory analysis to ascertain CMV's role in uveitis.
- Informs clinical management and diagnostic approaches for pediatric uveitis.
Abstract:
A total of 405 children aged 3 months to 15 years with uveitis of different origin and localization and 50 mothers of children with intrauterine uveitis were tested for cytomegaloviruses (CMV). Chronic CMV infection was detected in 79% children and 88% mothers. Active CMV infection was diagnosed in 7.1% children with various clinical forms of uveitis; it was somewhat more frequent in cases with grave posterior uveitis and panuveitis complicated by detachment of the retina and vitreous fibrosis. Anti-CMV IgG antibodies indicate an infection, but their detection is insufficient for identifying the etiology of uveitis. Active CMV infection can be a cause of uveitis or aggravate uveitis of another etiology and favor the development of postoperative complications. In many cases active CMV infection was detected in children during remission without clinical signs of uveitis activity. Individual analysis of clinical laboratory data is needed for each patient in order to evaluate the etiological and pathogenetic role of active CMV infection.