Global nail dystrophy associated with human papillomavirus type 57 infection

Verrucae vulgares frequently induce nail dystrophy when infection of the nail matrix occurs. Classic periungual warts are easily recognized by the experienced physician. We report a very unusual presentation of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection of the nail matrix and nail bed involving all 20 nails in an otherwise immunocompetent patient. Viral typing by in situ hybridization revealed HPV type 57. To our knowledge, this is the first association between dystrophy of all 20 nails and HPV infection. However, as the ease of HPV typing improves, a variety of previously unrecognized cutaneous lesions is likely to be associated with HPV infection.