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Membrane tether formation from blebbing cells.

J Dai1, M P Sheetz

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.

Biophysical Journal
|December 10, 1999
PubMed
Summary
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Membrane tension and cytoskeleton adhesion influence cell mechanics. This study found membrane-cytoskeleton adhesion is the main force generator, while membrane tension may be uniform across cell surfaces.

Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Membrane tension regulates crucial cell functions like endocytosis and motility.
  • Tether force measurements using laser tweezers estimate apparent membrane tension.
  • Both membrane-cytoskeleton adhesion and membrane tension contribute to tether force.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate the contributions of membrane tension and cytoskeleton adhesion to tether forces.
  • To investigate the uniformity of membrane tension across cell surfaces.
  • To estimate membrane-cytoskeleton adhesion forces.

Main Methods:

  • Laser tweezers used to measure tether forces from cell membranes.
  • Comparison of tether forces on membrane blebs versus cytoskeleton-supported membranes.
  • Analysis of tether forces in renal epithelial and melanoma cells.

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Main Results:

  • Tether forces on membrane blebs (lacking cytoskeleton support) were lower and uniform apicobasally.
  • Tether forces on cytoskeleton-supported membranes varied, correlating with cytoskeletal density.
  • In melanoma cells, bleb tether forces scaled with bleb radius, suggesting osmotic pressure involvement.

Conclusions:

  • Membrane-cytoskeleton adhesion is the primary determinant of tether force.
  • Membrane tension appears to be relatively uniform across the cell surface.
  • Laser tweezers measurements on blebs can isolate membrane tension, while subtraction from total force estimates adhesion.