Pathogenesis of osteoarthritis--approaches to specific therapy

Although osteoarthritis is the most prevalent rheumatic disorder affecting the musculoskeletal system, the details of its causes are still unknown. Primary osteoarthritis is thought to be an active process featuring enhanced metabolic activity of the joint. Studies suggest there is a positive influence of hyaluronic acid (hyaluronan) on physiologic joint function that exceeds the well-known effects on cartilage repair. Research on joint metabolism and chondrocyte function suggests that intra-articular drug delivery of chondroprotective drugs represents a very rational approach. This review of osteoarthritis concentrates on epidemiology, etiology, pathogenetic factors, and therapeutic approaches to osteoarthritis.