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Related Experiment Videos

Autism and hearing loss.

U Rosenhall1, V Nordin, M Sandström

  • 1Department of Audiology, Karolinska Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. uro@ent.ks.se

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|December 10, 1999
PubMed
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Children with autistic disorder show higher rates of hearing loss and hyperacusis compared to the general population. Early auditory evaluation is crucial for timely intervention and management of hearing deficits in autism.

Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Autistic disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental condition.
  • Auditory processing and hearing function are critical for development and communication.
  • Previous research suggests a potential link between autism and hearing impairments, but comprehensive data is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and types of hearing deficits in a cohort of children and adolescents with autistic disorder.
  • To explore the association between hearing impairments and intellectual functioning in autism.
  • To assess the incidence of hyperacusis, serous otitis media, and conductive hearing loss in individuals with autistic disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Audiological evaluation of 199 children and adolescents diagnosed with autistic disorder.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Classification of hearing loss severity (mild to moderate, pronounced to profound) and type (unilateral, bilateral).
  • Comparison of hearing deficit prevalence with the general population and populations with mental retardation; assessment of hyperacusis, serous otitis media, and conductive hearing loss rates.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant prevalence of hearing loss was identified: 7.9% mild to moderate, 1.6% unilateral, and 3.5% pronounced to profound bilateral hearing loss or deafness.
    • Hearing deficits in autism were observed across all intellectual functioning levels, suggesting factors beyond intellectual impairment.
    • Hyperacusis affected 18.0% of the autistic group, compared to 0% in a non-autistic control group. Increased rates of serous otitis media (23.5%) and conductive hearing loss (18.3%) were also noted.

    Conclusions:

    • Individuals with autistic disorder exhibit a higher prevalence of hearing loss, including pronounced to profound types, compared to the general population.
    • The study highlights the common occurrence of hyperacusis and increased rates of otitis media and conductive hearing loss in autism.
    • Routine auditory evaluation is essential for early identification and intervention, including aural habilitation for severe hearing loss and monitoring for milder forms due to potential deterioration.