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Characterization of Inflammatory Responses During Intranasal Colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae
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Phase variation of lic1A, lic2A and lic3A in colonization of the nasopharynx, bloodstream and cerebrospinal fluid by

Sarah L Hosking1, Jane E Craig1, Nicola J High1

  • 1University of Manchester, School of Biological Science, 1.800, Stopford Building, Manchester M13 9PT, UK1.

Microbiology (Reading, England)
|December 10, 1999
PubMed
Summary

Haemophilus influenzae type b uses phase variation in lic genes to colonize infant rats. Gene expression patterns differ across the nasopharynx, bloodstream, and cerebrospinal fluid, influencing colonization success.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is a significant pathogen causing invasive diseases in infants.
  • The ability of Hib to colonize different body sites is crucial for disease development.
  • Phase variation in genes, such as licA, licB, and licC, is a known mechanism for bacterial adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of phase variation in lic1A, lic2A, and lic3A genes of Hib.
  • To determine how the expression of these genes affects colonization of the nasopharynx, bloodstream, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in infant rats.

Main Methods:

  • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to quantify 5'-CAAT-3' repeats in lic1A, lic2A, and lic3A genes.
  • The number of repeats indicates the expression status of the Open Reading Frame (ORF).
  • Analysis was performed on Hib isolates from infant rat nasopharynx, bloodstream, and CSF.

Main Results:

  • Hib populations colonizing infant rats were heterogeneous, expressing diverse combinations of lic genes.
  • A predominant genotype for each lic gene was identified at each body site.
  • The number of 5'-CAAT-3' repeats in the predominant genotype varied significantly between the nasopharynx, bloodstream, and CSF.

Conclusions:

  • Phase variation of lic genes contributes to the adaptability of Hib during colonization.
  • Differential expression of lic genes may influence the efficiency of Hib colonization in specific infant host environments.
  • Understanding these mechanisms can inform strategies against Hib infections.