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A method of measuring three-dimensional scapular attitudes using the optotrak probing system
L J Hébert1, H Moffet, B J McFadyen
1Institut de réadaptation en Déficience Physique de Québec, Groupe de Recherche en Réadaptation Physique de l'Université Laval, 525, boul. Wilfrid-Hamel, bureau B-77, Quebec, Canada. ljhebert@microtec.net
Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)
|December 11, 1999
Summary
This study developed an accurate, valid, and reliable method using the Optotrak probing system to measure three-dimensional scapular attitudes. This new protocol can help understand scapular motion
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Orthopedics
- Kinesiology
Background:
- Scapular abnormal movement is linked to shoulder impingement syndrome.
- The precise characterization of three-dimensional scapular attitudes in relation to impingement is not well understood.
- Reliable methods for quantifying three-dimensional scapular motion in subjects are lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a method for accurate three-dimensional scapular attitude measurement.
- To assess the concurrent validity and reliability of this new method.
- To establish a standardized protocol for characterizing three-dimensional scapular motion.
Main Methods:
- A methodological study using the Optotrak probing system.
- Spatial coordinates of three non-collinear landmarks were obtained on an anatomical model and a healthy subject.
- Three-dimensional scapular attitudes were calculated using a rotation matrix (cyclic Cardanic sequence).
Main Results:
- The developed method demonstrated accuracy, with differences between imposed and calculated rotation angles ranging from 1.5 to 4.2 degrees.
- Concurrent validity was good, with a mean difference of 1.73 degrees compared to fixed markers.
- Reliability was good, with between-session variations less than 10% for most arm positions.
Conclusions:
- The Optotrak probing system, with a standardized protocol, provides accurate, valid, and reliable measures of three-dimensional scapular attitudes.
- This method establishes a much-needed standardized protocol for quantifying scapular motion.
- This will facilitate further research into the link between scapular motion impairment and shoulder pathologies.