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Psychosurgery

Psychosurgery

Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
Historical Development of Psychosurgery
In the 1930s, Portuguese neurologist Antonio Egas Moniz introduced a surgical procedure designed...

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Advances and refinements in phonosurgery.

¹Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792, USA.

The Laryngoscope

|December 11, 1999

Summary

Phonosurgery has advanced with new techniques in phonomicrosurgery, laryngeal framework surgery, and vocal fold implants. These innovations improve surgical precision and patient outcomes for various voice disorders.

Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Laryngology
Phonosurgery

Background:

Phonosurgery has evolved significantly due to scientific discoveries and technological progress.
Key advancements are seen in phonomicrosurgery, laryngeal framework surgery, and vocal fold implantable materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances and refinements in phonosurgery.
To highlight innovations in surgical techniques and materials for voice restoration.

Main Methods:

Review of literature on phonomicrosurgery, laryngeal framework surgery, and vocal fold augmentation.
Analysis of technological advancements and their application in phonosurgical procedures.

Main Results:

Phonomicrosurgery now favors limited medial microflap approaches over lateral cordotomy flaps for vocal fold scarring.

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Laryngeal framework surgery utilizes new implant materials like Silastic, hydroxylapatite, ePTFE, and titanium.

Vocal fold augmentation employs improved injection techniques and bio-compatible materials, replacing older alloplastics.

Conclusions:

Modern phonosurgery incorporates refined techniques and advanced materials for better treatment of voice disorders.
Innovations in surgical approaches and implantable materials have significantly improved outcomes in vocal fold repair and augmentation.